| 93 | International Paper | 231,441 | 33.01 | <0.01 | 19% | 40% | 18% |
| 41 | Koch Industries | 939,991 | 27.78 | 3.36 | 19% | 58% | 67% |
| 88 | Graphic Packaging | 241,527 | 7.89 | 26% | 43% | 79% | |
| 20 | Exxon Mobil | 1,962,418 | 7.74 | 0.75 | 19% | 68% | 41% |
| 1 | LyondellBasell Industries | 26,676,890 | 6.11 | 2.52 | 16% | 68% | 74% |
| 8 | Dow Inc. | 4,582,836 | 5.59 | 13.02 | 19% | 49% | 33% |
| 12 | Westlake Chemical | 2,360,427 | 4.59 | 6.18 | 15% | 26% | 69% |
| 26 | Eastman Chemical | 1,719,778 | 4.41 | 1.76 | 20% | 41% | 65% |
| 3 | BASF | 11,219,461 | 4.40 | 4.48 | 18% | 36% | 42% |
| 39 | Phillips 66 | 978,217 | 4.31 | 0.16 | 16% | 58% | 39% |
| 53 | Valero Energy | 580,062 | 3.52 | 0.01 | 20% | 69% | 22% |
| 48 | Marathon Petroleum | 750,014 | 3.41 | 0.10 | 19% | 56% | 30% |
| 21 | Freeport-McMoRan | 1,918,798 | 3.30 | <0.01 | 22% | 61% | 98% |
| 82 | Ball Corp. | 264,558 | 3.20 | <0.01 | 16% | 43% | 83% |
| 100 | General Motors | 206,801 | 2.89 | <0.01 | 14% | 31% | 52% |
| 57 | Chevron | 469,170 | 2.85 | 0.05 | 16% | 59% | 27% |
| 11 | Berkshire Hathaway | 2,466,409 | 2.23 | 0.42 | 14% | 41% | 18% |
| 37 | Ardagh Packaging Group | 1,006,966 | 2.17 | 16% | 56% | 52% | |
| 61 | Century Aluminum | 420,410 | 2.00 | 14% | 33% | 75% | |
| 83 | United States Steel | 257,918 | 1.76 | 5.27 | 21% | 51% | 58% |
| 65 | American Electric Power | 379,689 | 1.65 | 13% | 10% | 56% | |
| 18 | Shell PLC | 2,074,329 | 1.62 | 0.06 | 15% | 54% | 42% |
| 69 | PBF Energy | 337,517 | 1.55 | 0.01 | 16% | 64% | 54% |
| 60 | Formosa Plastics | 434,389 | 1.45 | 19.32 | 22% | 69% | 66% |
| 28 | Lotte Chemical | 1,623,200 | 1.28 | 0.19 | 15% | 24% | 100% |
| 4 | Indorama Ventures | 6,868,453 | 1.24 | 0.10 | 15% | 40% | 94% |
| 54 | Goodyear Tire & Rubber | 560,103 | 1.22 | 0.05 | 23% | 80% | 81% |
| 25 | Standard Industries Inc. | 1,795,935 | 1.05 | 1.03 | 18% | 72% | 93% |
| 87 | Owens Corning | 243,278 | 1.05 | <0.01 | 16% | 45% | 26% |
| 50 | Cleveland-Cliffs | 627,342 | 1.01 | 0.42 | 26% | 48% | 21% |
| 24 | Ashland Global Holdings | 1,866,878 | 0.96 | 0.11 | 22% | 56% | 72% |
| 51 | Sasol | 616,510 | 0.89 | 0.05 | 16% | 25% | 96% |
| 9 | Saint-Gobain | 3,231,990 | 0.80 | 0.19 | 10% | 34% | 96% |
| 22 | Celanese | 1,909,352 | 0.77 | 8.65 | 15% | 63% | 99% |
| 38 | Solvay | 988,649 | 0.75 | 3.54 | 15% | 52% | 34% |
| 35 | Occidental Petroleum | 1,033,289 | 0.68 | 3.86 | 18% | 70% | 35% |
| 19 | PPG Industries | 2,050,532 | 0.63 | 1.96 | 16% | 40% | 61% |
| 40 | Nucor | 967,412 | 0.61 | 0.01 | 17% | 35% | 30% |
| 29 | Carlyle Group | 1,619,712 | 0.56 | 0.14 | 18% | 80% | 92% |
| 64 | International Flavors & Fragrances | 399,504 | 0.50 | 1.82 | 19% | 15% | 99% |
| 47 | Ingredion | 781,554 | 0.49 | <0.01 | 15% | 32% | 72% |
| 74 | Hitachi | 292,865 | 0.48 | <0.01 | 12% | 18% | 66% |
| 14 | Albemarle | 2,226,435 | 0.44 | <0.01 | 17% | 71% | 58% |
| 58 | Clayton Dubilier & Rice | 459,685 | 0.42 | <0.01 | 14% | 39% | 71% |
| 52 | Linde | 614,753 | 0.41 | <0.01 | 16% | 48% | 59% |
| 92 | Spirit AeroSystems | 232,239 | 0.39 | 0.01 | 20% | 45% | 100% |
| 94 | Olin Corp. | 222,762 | 0.36 | 3.12 | 21% | 69% | 62% |
| 2 | Kaiser Aluminum | 18,136,121 | 0.35 | 14% | 14% | 100% | |
| 16 | Huntsman Corp. | 2,119,487 | 0.34 | 7.35 | 15% | 57% | 89% |
| 73 | Michelin | 321,482 | 0.33 | 16% | 37% | 76% | |
| 33 | Evonik Industries | 1,210,764 | 0.31 | 0.63 | 18% | 43% | 51% |
| 89 | Tesla Inc. | 239,371 | 0.30 | 0.07 | 11% | 40% | 96% |
| 30 | NOV Inc. | 1,572,597 | 0.29 | 13% | 62% | 63% | |
| 78 | Stepan | 279,955 | 0.29 | 1.38 | 9% | 39% | 88% |
| 90 | Bayer | 239,212 | 0.27 | 3.70 | 16% | 31% | 73% |
| 59 | Allegheny Technologies | 435,260 | 0.26 | 0.13 | 13% | 13% | 47% |
| 77 | Petroleos Mexicanos (Pemex) | 284,976 | 0.23 | <0.01 | 18% | 76% | 100% |
| 95 | Huntington Ingalls Industries | 219,470 | 0.23 | 0.04 | 20% | 61% | 82% |
| 23 | General Electric | 1,872,970 | 0.21 | <0.01 | 20% | 27% | 48% |
| 15 | Element Solutions Inc. | 2,169,628 | 0.18 | <0.01 | 17% | 15% | 98% |
| 44 | Ametek | 885,282 | 0.18 | 11% | 35% | 94% | |
| 7 | Becton Dickinson | 5,365,983 | 0.16 | 0.01 | 13% | 42% | 39% |
| 43 | Apollo Global Management | 927,617 | 0.13 | 13% | 27% | 54% | |
| 67 | Akzo Nobel | 353,073 | 0.13 | 0.08 | 19% | 66% | 100% |
| 13 | Northrop Grumman | 2,347,737 | 0.12 | 0.15 | 18% | 16% | 99% |
| 45 | Rio Tinto | 882,993 | 0.09 | 8% | 30% | 81% | |
| 31 | Mitsui | 1,565,687 | 0.08 | 0.39 | 27% | 70% | 100% |
| 97 | Leggett & Platt | 207,195 | 0.08 | <0.01 | 8% | 38% | 93% |
| 99 | Commercial Metals Co. | 206,999 | 0.07 | 28% | 40% | 66% | |
| 32 | Covestro | 1,265,717 | 0.06 | 1.63 | 15% | 22% | 91% |
| 34 | Griffon Corp. | 1,174,651 | 0.06 | 0.02 | 22% | 72% | 100% |
| 66 | KKR & Co. | 358,081 | 0.06 | 0.01 | 18% | 39% | 64% |
| 6 | Garmin | 5,617,577 | 0.05 | 14% | 86% | 100% | |
| 46 | Howmet Aerospace | 800,109 | 0.05 | 0.02 | 19% | 49% | 36% |
| 63 | Kingspan plc | 403,522 | 0.05 | 10% | 16% | 100% | |
| 98 | Henkel | 207,139 | 0.05 | 0.02 | 23% | 50% | 75% |
| 42 | Baxter International | 938,168 | 0.04 | <0.01 | 11% | 6% | 100% |
| 84 | Targa Resources | 253,880 | 0.04 | 22% | 87% | 100% | |
| 91 | Johnson & Johnson | 238,445 | 0.04 | 0.03 | 14% | 48% | 71% |
| 10 | Terumo | 3,110,344 | 0.03 | 10% | 32% | 100% | |
| 27 | Pritzker Organization | 1,657,113 | 0.03 | 28% | 67% | 79% | |
| 62 | Republic Services | 407,504 | 0.03 | 0.12 | 18% | 49% | 82% |
| 68 | AGCO Corp. | 340,975 | 0.03 | 14% | 14% | 28% | |
| 36 | Croda International | 1,031,109 | 0.02 | <0.01 | 17% | 52% | 94% |
| 55 | Medtronic | 521,039 | 0.02 | 0.06 | 15% | 49% | 95% |
| 70 | Lockheed Martin | 335,553 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 22% | 77% | 99% |
| 71 | Assa Abloy | 328,546 | 0.02 | <0.01 | 13% | 43% | 75% |
| 72 | O-I Glass | 324,181 | 0.02 | 14% | 36% | 45% | |
| 80 | Harley-Davidson | 271,888 | 0.02 | <0.01 | 14% | 8% | 99% |
| 5 | Salzgitter | 6,099,192 | 0.01 | 13% | 67% | 100% | |
| 49 | Siemens Energy | 745,194 | 0.01 | 14% | 54% | 99% | |
| 76 | Ecolab | 287,287 | 0.01 | 0.24 | 16% | 80% | 99% |
| 79 | Generac Holdings | 279,830 | 0.01 | 0.07 | 11% | 25% | 100% |
| 85 | Bio-Rad Laboratories | 252,680 | 0.01 | 0.43 | 12% | 64% | 100% |
| 96 | Rolls-Royce | 211,289 | 0.01 | 28% | 66% | 96% | |
| 17 | Edwards Lifesciences | 2,097,590 | <0.01 | 0.02 | 49% | 95% | 100% |
| 56 | Middleby Corp. | 506,575 | <0.01 | 12% | 20% | 93% | |
| 75 | Ryerson Holding Corp. | 288,137 | <0.01 | 11% | 30% | 75% | |
| 81 | Zimmer Biomet | 270,422 | <0.01 | 14% | 54% | 88% | |
| 86 | Emerson Electric | 245,848 | <0.01 | 14% | 43% | 62% |
This edition of the Toxic 100 Air Polluters ranks companies by comparative chronic human health risk from air pollutants directly released or transferred to incinerators (and not destroyed) from large facilities in the US in 2021.
RSEI score: Estimated population chronic health human health risk from air releases and incineration transfers reported to the US Environmental Protection Agency's Toxics Release Inventory (TRI) for the 2021 Reporting Year, as computed by the US EPA's Risk-Screening Environmental Indicators (RSEI ver. 2.3.11) from quantity released, toxicity of chemicals, and population exposure. Data are adjusted by the Corporate Toxics Information Project (CTIP) for subsequent revisions to TRI data, including where available revisions to the share of hexavalent chromium in chromium releases.
Source: US EPA and Corporate Toxics Information Project (CTIP).
Quantity of toxic air releases and incineration transfers: Millions of pounds of toxic chemicals released to the air on-site or transferred offsite for incineration in the TRI 2021 Reporting Year, without adjustment for toxicity or population exposure.
Source: US EPA.
Environmental Justice (EJ): Poor Share and Minority Share: Shares of the total population health risk borne by people living below the poverty line or by people in minority racial/ethnic groups. In the U.S. population, 10.5 percent lived below the poverty line in 2020 and 40 percent are members of minority racial/ethnic groups.
Sources: US EPA, US Census, and CTIP.
Coverage: This table presents the RSEI companies that appear on the Forbes Global 2000 list, the Forbes America's Largest Private Companies list, the Fortune 500 list, the Fortune Global 500, the Russell 1000 list, oror the S&P 500. Individual facilities are assigned to corporate parents on the basis of the most current information on their ownership structure as of mid 2023.
Source: CTIP.
The links from each parent name lead to an application that gives detailed facility and chemical information about the company. You can also search for companies not on the Toxic 100 Air Polluters. For more information on the data, see the technical notes.