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Toxic 100 Air Polluters Index (2023 Report, Based on 2021 Data)

(Click on column headers to re-sort table: current sort is by Pounds Released to Air.)
93 International Paper 231,441 33.01 <0.01 19% 40% 18%
41 Koch Industries 939,991 27.78 3.36 19% 58% 67%
88 Graphic Packaging 241,527 7.89 26% 43% 79%
20 Exxon Mobil 1,962,418 7.74 0.75 19% 68% 41%
1 LyondellBasell Industries 26,676,890 6.11 2.52 16% 68% 74%
8 Dow Inc. 4,582,836 5.59 13.02 19% 49% 33%
12 Westlake Chemical 2,360,427 4.59 6.18 15% 26% 69%
26 Eastman Chemical 1,719,778 4.41 1.76 20% 41% 65%
3 BASF 11,219,461 4.40 4.48 18% 36% 42%
39 Phillips 66 978,217 4.31 0.16 16% 58% 39%
53 Valero Energy 580,062 3.52 0.01 20% 69% 22%
48 Marathon Petroleum 750,014 3.41 0.10 19% 56% 30%
21 Freeport-McMoRan 1,918,798 3.30 <0.01 22% 61% 98%
82 Ball Corp. 264,558 3.20 <0.01 16% 43% 83%
100 General Motors 206,801 2.89 <0.01 14% 31% 52%
57 Chevron 469,170 2.85 0.05 16% 59% 27%
11 Berkshire Hathaway 2,466,409 2.23 0.42 14% 41% 18%
37 Ardagh Packaging Group 1,006,966 2.17 16% 56% 52%
61 Century Aluminum 420,410 2.00 14% 33% 75%
83 United States Steel 257,918 1.76 5.27 21% 51% 58%
65 American Electric Power 379,689 1.65 13% 10% 56%
18 Shell PLC 2,074,329 1.62 0.06 15% 54% 42%
69 PBF Energy 337,517 1.55 0.01 16% 64% 54%
60 Formosa Plastics 434,389 1.45 19.32 22% 69% 66%
28 Lotte Chemical 1,623,200 1.28 0.19 15% 24% 100%
4 Indorama Ventures 6,868,453 1.24 0.10 15% 40% 94%
54 Goodyear Tire & Rubber 560,103 1.22 0.05 23% 80% 81%
25 Standard Industries Inc. 1,795,935 1.05 1.03 18% 72% 93%
87 Owens Corning 243,278 1.05 <0.01 16% 45% 26%
50 Cleveland-Cliffs 627,342 1.01 0.42 26% 48% 21%
24 Ashland Global Holdings 1,866,878 0.96 0.11 22% 56% 72%
51 Sasol 616,510 0.89 0.05 16% 25% 96%
9 Saint-Gobain 3,231,990 0.80 0.19 10% 34% 96%
22 Celanese 1,909,352 0.77 8.65 15% 63% 99%
38 Solvay 988,649 0.75 3.54 15% 52% 34%
35 Occidental Petroleum 1,033,289 0.68 3.86 18% 70% 35%
19 PPG Industries 2,050,532 0.63 1.96 16% 40% 61%
40 Nucor 967,412 0.61 0.01 17% 35% 30%
29 Carlyle Group 1,619,712 0.56 0.14 18% 80% 92%
64 International Flavors & Fragrances 399,504 0.50 1.82 19% 15% 99%
47 Ingredion 781,554 0.49 <0.01 15% 32% 72%
74 Hitachi 292,865 0.48 <0.01 12% 18% 66%
14 Albemarle 2,226,435 0.44 <0.01 17% 71% 58%
58 Clayton Dubilier & Rice 459,685 0.42 <0.01 14% 39% 71%
52 Linde 614,753 0.41 <0.01 16% 48% 59%
92 Spirit AeroSystems 232,239 0.39 0.01 20% 45% 100%
94 Olin Corp. 222,762 0.36 3.12 21% 69% 62%
2 Kaiser Aluminum 18,136,121 0.35 14% 14% 100%
16 Huntsman Corp. 2,119,487 0.34 7.35 15% 57% 89%
73 Michelin 321,482 0.33 16% 37% 76%
33 Evonik Industries 1,210,764 0.31 0.63 18% 43% 51%
89 Tesla Inc. 239,371 0.30 0.07 11% 40% 96%
30 NOV Inc. 1,572,597 0.29 13% 62% 63%
78 Stepan 279,955 0.29 1.38 9% 39% 88%
90 Bayer 239,212 0.27 3.70 16% 31% 73%
59 Allegheny Technologies 435,260 0.26 0.13 13% 13% 47%
77 Petroleos Mexicanos (Pemex) 284,976 0.23 <0.01 18% 76% 100%
95 Huntington Ingalls Industries 219,470 0.23 0.04 20% 61% 82%
23 General Electric 1,872,970 0.21 <0.01 20% 27% 48%
15 Element Solutions Inc. 2,169,628 0.18 <0.01 17% 15% 98%
44 Ametek 885,282 0.18 11% 35% 94%
7 Becton Dickinson 5,365,983 0.16 0.01 13% 42% 39%
43 Apollo Global Management 927,617 0.13 13% 27% 54%
67 Akzo Nobel 353,073 0.13 0.08 19% 66% 100%
13 Northrop Grumman 2,347,737 0.12 0.15 18% 16% 99%
45 Rio Tinto 882,993 0.09 8% 30% 81%
31 Mitsui 1,565,687 0.08 0.39 27% 70% 100%
97 Leggett & Platt 207,195 0.08 <0.01 8% 38% 93%
99 Commercial Metals Co. 206,999 0.07 28% 40% 66%
32 Covestro 1,265,717 0.06 1.63 15% 22% 91%
34 Griffon Corp. 1,174,651 0.06 0.02 22% 72% 100%
66 KKR & Co. 358,081 0.06 0.01 18% 39% 64%
6 Garmin 5,617,577 0.05 14% 86% 100%
46 Howmet Aerospace 800,109 0.05 0.02 19% 49% 36%
63 Kingspan plc 403,522 0.05 10% 16% 100%
98 Henkel 207,139 0.05 0.02 23% 50% 75%
42 Baxter International 938,168 0.04 <0.01 11% 6% 100%
84 Targa Resources 253,880 0.04 22% 87% 100%
91 Johnson & Johnson 238,445 0.04 0.03 14% 48% 71%
10 Terumo 3,110,344 0.03 10% 32% 100%
27 Pritzker Organization 1,657,113 0.03 28% 67% 79%
62 Republic Services 407,504 0.03 0.12 18% 49% 82%
68 AGCO Corp. 340,975 0.03 14% 14% 28%
36 Croda International 1,031,109 0.02 <0.01 17% 52% 94%
55 Medtronic 521,039 0.02 0.06 15% 49% 95%
70 Lockheed Martin 335,553 0.02 0.01 22% 77% 99%
71 Assa Abloy 328,546 0.02 <0.01 13% 43% 75%
72 O-I Glass 324,181 0.02 14% 36% 45%
80 Harley-Davidson 271,888 0.02 <0.01 14% 8% 99%
5 Salzgitter 6,099,192 0.01 13% 67% 100%
49 Siemens Energy 745,194 0.01 14% 54% 99%
76 Ecolab 287,287 0.01 0.24 16% 80% 99%
79 Generac Holdings 279,830 0.01 0.07 11% 25% 100%
85 Bio-Rad Laboratories 252,680 0.01 0.43 12% 64% 100%
96 Rolls-Royce 211,289 0.01 28% 66% 96%
17 Edwards Lifesciences 2,097,590 <0.01 0.02 49% 95% 100%
56 Middleby Corp. 506,575 <0.01 12% 20% 93%
75 Ryerson Holding Corp. 288,137 <0.01 11% 30% 75%
81 Zimmer Biomet 270,422 <0.01 14% 54% 88%
86 Emerson Electric 245,848 <0.01 14% 43% 62%

Explanatory notes (For details, see the technical notes).

This edition of the Toxic 100 Air Polluters ranks companies by comparative chronic human health risk from air pollutants directly released or transferred to incinerators (and not destroyed) from large facilities in the US in 2021.

RSEI score: Estimated population chronic health human health risk from air releases and incineration transfers reported to the US Environmental Protection Agency's Toxics Release Inventory (TRI) for the 2021 Reporting Year, as computed by the US EPA's Risk-Screening Environmental Indicators (RSEI ver. 2.3.11) from quantity released, toxicity of chemicals, and population exposure. Data are adjusted by the Corporate Toxics Information Project (CTIP) for subsequent revisions to TRI data, including where available revisions to the share of hexavalent chromium in chromium releases.
Source: US EPA and Corporate Toxics Information Project (CTIP).

Quantity of toxic air releases and incineration transfers: Millions of pounds of toxic chemicals released to the air on-site or transferred offsite for incineration in the TRI 2021 Reporting Year, without adjustment for toxicity or population exposure.  
Source: US EPA.

Environmental Justice (EJ): Poor Share and Minority Share: Shares of the total population health risk borne by people living below the poverty line or by people in minority racial/ethnic groups. In the U.S. population, 10.5 percent lived below the poverty line in 2020 and 40 percent are members of minority racial/ethnic groups.  
Sources: US EPA, US Census, and CTIP.

Coverage: This table presents the RSEI companies that appear on the Forbes Global 2000 list, the Forbes America's Largest Private Companies list, the Fortune 500 list, the Fortune Global 500, the Russell 1000 list, oror the S&P 500.  Individual facilities are assigned to corporate parents on the basis of the most current information on their ownership structure as of mid 2023.  
Source: CTIP.

The links from each parent name lead to an application that gives detailed facility and chemical information about the company. You can also search for companies not on the Toxic 100 Air Polluters. For more information on the data, see the technical notes.