| 85 | International Paper | 260,182 | 34.27 | <0.01 | 19% | 38% | 19% |
| 36 | Koch Industries | 1,134,098 | 28.02 | 1.36 | 18% | 50% | 33% |
| 25 | Exxon Mobil | 1,758,433 | 8.16 | 0.45 | 21% | 70% | 29% |
| 83 | Graphic Packaging | 270,561 | 8.12 | 26% | 43% | 80% | |
| 6 | Dow Inc. | 6,858,422 | 5.89 | 9.03 | 19% | 49% | 45% |
| 2 | LyondellBasell | 12,599,132 | 5.15 | 3.14 | 16% | 68% | 70% |
| 5 | BASF | 8,834,947 | 5.02 | 7.32 | 19% | 36% | 40% |
| 9 | Eastman Chemical | 3,440,587 | 4.88 | 1.50 | 20% | 44% | 80% |
| 33 | Phillips 66 | 1,291,471 | 4.60 | 0.12 | 16% | 60% | 30% |
| 27 | Marathon Petroleum | 1,649,704 | 4.52 | 0.17 | 16% | 52% | 35% |
| 39 | Valero Energy | 1,081,893 | 4.51 | 0.13 | 18% | 64% | 32% |
| 40 | Freeport-McMoRan | 989,241 | 4.45 | <0.01 | 22% | 61% | 96% |
| 61 | Westlake Chemical | 487,073 | 3.12 | 1.16 | 16% | 31% | 25% |
| 93 | General Motors | 232,498 | 3.04 | 0.01 | 17% | 46% | 38% |
| 38 | Chevron | 1,084,686 | 2.69 | 0.15 | 16% | 68% | 46% |
| 14 | Berkshire Hathaway | 2,985,197 | 2.31 | 0.55 | 15% | 38% | 22% |
| 15 | Royal Dutch Shell | 2,782,459 | 2.07 | 0.01 | 15% | 54% | 47% |
| 51 | PBF Energy | 676,473 | 2.04 | 0.01 | 16% | 62% | 45% |
| 50 | Canopus International | 722,464 | 1.92 | 0.04 | 16% | 40% | 70% |
| 57 | United States Steel | 540,865 | 1.88 | 1.38 | 23% | 59% | 73% |
| 67 | American Electric Power | 413,991 | 1.87 | 13% | 10% | 51% | |
| 22 | Ashland Global Holdings | 1,855,777 | 1.53 | 0.14 | 22% | 56% | 71% |
| 66 | DuPont de Nemours | 414,261 | 1.40 | 3.35 | 18% | 20% | 82% |
| 44 | Cleveland-Cliffs | 828,444 | 1.39 | 0.11 | 25% | 47% | 20% |
| 59 | Stellantis | 525,399 | 1.36 | 0.07 | 11% | 21% | 53% |
| 28 | Kennametal | 1,563,228 | 1.34 | 13% | 28% | 63% | |
| 73 | Formosa Plastics | 341,852 | 1.31 | 6.86 | 22% | 70% | 66% |
| 70 | Goodyear Tire & Rubber | 390,887 | 0.96 | 0.06 | 22% | 77% | 71% |
| 7 | Celanese | 5,791,002 | 0.83 | 7.32 | 14% | 61% | 100% |
| 95 | Owens Corning | 223,836 | 0.83 | <0.01 | 16% | 42% | 25% |
| 46 | Solvay | 765,976 | 0.82 | 3.41 | 15% | 58% | 38% |
| 68 | Sasol | 403,777 | 0.80 | 0.16 | 16% | 26% | 100% |
| 3 | Huntsman | 11,137,063 | 0.69 | 6.68 | 14% | 45% | 54% |
| 72 | American Industrial Partners | 345,080 | 0.67 | 0.02 | 9% | 11% | 99% |
| 8 | Baker Hughes | 3,747,413 | 0.65 | 0.03 | 17% | 46% | 41% |
| 18 | Saint-Gobain | 2,240,652 | 0.62 | 0.07 | 10% | 34% | 99% |
| 11 | Carlyle Group | 3,116,719 | 0.59 | 0.15 | 17% | 70% | 61% |
| 32 | Occidental Petroleum | 1,369,928 | 0.59 | 8.40 | 18% | 70% | 40% |
| 43 | Evonik Industries | 833,926 | 0.57 | 0.49 | 18% | 40% | 45% |
| 65 | Nucor | 415,220 | 0.55 | <0.01 | 17% | 34% | 25% |
| 19 | General Electric | 2,079,308 | 0.54 | 0.05 | 22% | 26% | 62% |
| 53 | Ingredion | 624,621 | 0.54 | 15% | 34% | 63% | |
| 100 | Spirit Aerosystems Holdings | 209,298 | 0.50 | 20% | 46% | 100% | |
| 23 | Albemarle | 1,793,564 | 0.49 | 0.93 | 18% | 73% | 79% |
| 94 | HeidelbergCement | 231,246 | 0.41 | 8% | 43% | 49% | |
| 4 | Linde | 9,615,218 | 0.37 | <0.01 | 15% | 48% | 78% |
| 79 | PPG Industries | 292,124 | 0.36 | 1.43 | 14% | 25% | 50% |
| 41 | Parker-Hannifin | 904,778 | 0.33 | 1.74 | 16% | 21% | 83% |
| 16 | Northrop Grumman | 2,620,892 | 0.31 | 0.12 | 19% | 15% | 99% |
| 21 | Tesla Inc. | 1,914,425 | 0.31 | 0.13 | 11% | 38% | 100% |
| 97 | Lonza | 220,228 | 0.30 | 0.12 | 16% | 35% | 37% |
| 34 | Air Products & Chemicals | 1,275,573 | 0.26 | <0.01 | 13% | 38% | 100% |
| 1 | Boeing | 21,105,144 | 0.25 | 0.01 | 14% | 36% | 100% |
| 13 | Howmet Aerospace | 3,074,691 | 0.24 | 0.12 | 16% | 43% | 41% |
| 77 | ChemChina | 303,102 | 0.24 | 0.13 | 23% | 83% | 99% |
| 45 | General Dynamics | 779,711 | 0.22 | 0.10 | 16% | 66% | 90% |
| 52 | Allegheny Technologies | 650,071 | 0.21 | 0.08 | 13% | 13% | 46% |
| 81 | Cornerstone Building Brands | 285,023 | 0.20 | 15% | 56% | 48% | |
| 89 | Whirlpool Corp. | 244,469 | 0.20 | 17% | 15% | 50% | |
| 31 | Ametek | 1,382,868 | 0.19 | 11% | 37% | 95% | |
| 30 | Becton Dickinson | 1,421,105 | 0.17 | <0.01 | 16% | 53% | 57% |
| 64 | Deere | 417,781 | 0.17 | <0.01 | 18% | 30% | 89% |
| 69 | Clean Harbors Inc. | 393,545 | 0.17 | 9.62 | 22% | 58% | 42% |
| 75 | Leggett & Platt | 316,711 | 0.13 | 0.05 | 8% | 39% | 91% |
| 20 | Rio Tinto | 1,968,937 | 0.12 | <0.01 | 8% | 30% | 89% |
| 42 | Tenneco | 891,180 | 0.11 | 16% | 31% | 38% | |
| 55 | Trinity Industries | 571,581 | 0.11 | 24% | 42% | 45% | |
| 90 | Eaton | 242,395 | 0.11 | 11% | 24% | 88% | |
| 98 | Assa Abloy | 214,764 | 0.10 | <0.01 | 12% | 42% | 98% |
| 26 | Mitsui | 1,674,870 | 0.09 | 0.01 | 26% | 69% | 100% |
| 47 | Akzo Nobel | 739,414 | 0.09 | <0.01 | 19% | 66% | 99% |
| 99 | ABB Ltd. | 211,457 | 0.09 | 0.02 | 13% | 23% | 86% |
| 10 | Ecolab | 3,247,008 | 0.06 | 1.35 | 16% | 79% | 97% |
| 71 | Henkel | 353,382 | 0.06 | <0.01 | 24% | 50% | 84% |
| 82 | Raytheon Technologies | 272,904 | 0.06 | <0.01 | 11% | 25% | 47% |
| 92 | Commercial Metals Co. | 235,070 | 0.06 | 29% | 41% | 70% | |
| 88 | Royal DSM | 244,695 | 0.05 | 1.28 | 14% | 22% | 100% |
| 37 | Kingspan plc | 1,106,209 | 0.04 | 10% | 16% | 100% | |
| 49 | Carpenter Technology | 727,772 | 0.04 | 17% | 40% | 79% | |
| 56 | KKR & Co. | 560,864 | 0.04 | <0.01 | 17% | 44% | 76% |
| 60 | Terumo | 504,457 | 0.04 | 10% | 33% | 100% | |
| 80 | Targa Resources | 290,338 | 0.04 | 22% | 86% | 100% | |
| 24 | TMS International | 1,782,250 | 0.03 | 28% | 69% | 84% | |
| 29 | Baxter International | 1,501,401 | 0.03 | 0.14 | 12% | 6% | 100% |
| 76 | Johnson & Johnson | 313,525 | 0.03 | 0.05 | 13% | 41% | 56% |
| 87 | Granite Construction | 252,782 | 0.03 | <0.01 | 20% | 63% | 79% |
| 35 | Lockheed Martin | 1,163,147 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 22% | 77% | 100% |
| 74 | Medtronic | 324,092 | 0.02 | 0.06 | 15% | 49% | 93% |
| 86 | BAE Systems | 255,433 | 0.02 | <0.01 | 22% | 59% | 72% |
| 17 | Kubota | 2,525,918 | 0.01 | 14% | 43% | 100% | |
| 48 | Emerson Electric | 729,205 | 0.01 | 18% | 41% | 69% | |
| 78 | Umicore | 292,304 | 0.01 | 17% | 36% | 69% | |
| 96 | Pentair | 221,891 | 0.01 | 19% | 51% | 100% | |
| 12 | O'Neal Industries | 3,084,376 | <0.01 | 23% | 55% | 95% | |
| 54 | Lincoln Electric Holdings | 623,060 | <0.01 | <0.01 | 13% | 72% | 99% |
| 58 | Edwards Lifesciences | 532,032 | <0.01 | 48% | 95% | 100% | |
| 62 | Middleby Corp. | 463,336 | <0.01 | 12% | 22% | 90% | |
| 63 | TechnipFMC | 432,289 | <0.01 | 19% | 75% | 100% | |
| 84 | Zimmer Biomet | 260,572 | <0.01 | 14% | 55% | 90% | |
| 91 | Schlumberger | 237,726 | <0.01 | 0.21 | 25% | 78% | 92% |
This edition of the Toxic 100 Air ranks companies by comparative chronic human health risk from air pollutants directly released or transferred to incinerators (and not destroyed) from large facilities in the US in 2019.
RSEI score: Estimated population chronic health human health risk from air releases and incineration transfers reported to the US Environmental Protection Agency's Toxics Release Inventory (TRI) for the 2019 Reporting Year, as computed by the US EPA's Risk-Screening Environmental Indicators (RSEI ver. 2.3.9) from quantity released, toxicity of chemicals, and population exposure. Data are adjusted by the Corporate Toxics Information Project (CTIP) for subsequent revisions to TRI data, including where available revisions to the share of hexavalent chromium in chromium releases.
Source: US EPA and Corporate Toxics Information Project (CTIP).
Quantity of toxic air releases and incineration transfers: Millions of pounds of toxic chemicals released to the air on-site or transferred offsite for incineration in the TRI 2019 Reporting Year, without adjustment for toxicity or population exposure.
Source: US EPA.
Environmental Justice (EJ): Poor Share and Minority Share: Shares of the total population health risk borne by people living below the poverty line or by people in minority racial/ethnic groups. In the U.S. population, 10.5 percent lived below the poverty line in 2019 and 40 percent are members of minority racial/ethnic groups.
Sources: US EPA, US Census, and CTIP.
Coverage: This table presents the RSEI companies that appear on the Forbes Global 2000 list, the Forbes America's Largest Private Companies 2020 ranking, the Fortune 500 list for 2021, the Fortune Global 500 for 2021, or the S&P 500 as of 9/24/2021. Individual facilities are assigned to corporate parents on the basis of the most current information on their ownership structure as of late 2021.
Source: CTIP.>
The links from each parent name lead to an application that gives detailed facility and chemical information about the company. You can also search for companies not on the Toxic 100 Air. For more information on the data, see the technical notes.